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network society
Network society is the expression coined in 1981 related to the social, political, economic and cultural changes caused by the spread of networked, digital information and communications technologies. The intellectual origins of the idea can be traced back to the work of early social theorists such as Georg Simmel who analyzed the effect of modernization and industrial capitalism on complex patterns of affiliation, organization, production and experience.
==Origins==
The term ''network society'', ''nettsamfunn'', was coined in Norwegian by Stein Braten in his book ''Modeller av menneske og samfunn'' (1981). Later the term was put to use in Dutch by Jan van Dijk in his book ''De Netwerkmaatschappij'' (1991) (''The Network Society'') and by Manuel Castells in ''The Rise of the Network Society'' (1996), the first part of his trilogy ''The Information Age''. In 1978 James Martin used the related term 'The Wired Society' indicating a society that is connected by mass- and telecommunication networks.〔 Barry Wellman and the team of Roxanne Hiltz and Murray Turoff also have done work on the concept of network society.
Van Dijk defines the network society as a society in which a combination of social and media networks shapes its prime mode of organization and most important structures at all levels (individual, organizational and societal). He compares this type of society to a mass society that is shaped by groups, organizations and communities ('masses') organized in physical co-presence.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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